FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION OF MATURE BREAST-MILK OF SAUDI LACTATING MOTHERS

The fatty acid compositions of 54 Saudi mothers' mature breast milk sa mples were examined. Fatty acid composition was determined by gas-liqu id chromatography. Oleic acid (18:1) was the major unsaturated fatty a cid, while palmitic acid (16:0) was the major saturated fatty acid. Th e major fatty acids are 14:0, 16:0, 18:0, 18:1 and 18:1. These fatty a cids accounted for 83.4% of the total fatty acids. Mature breast milk was characterized by a higher percentage of saturated fatty acids (> 5 0% of total fatty acids), and a moderate level of linoleic acid. The P /S ratio was approximately 0.17. We observed higher total saturated fa tty acids than those published for Western countries. Milk from younge r mothers (under 34 years) had greater polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUF A) concentrations than that from older mothers. Milk from mothers over 34 years had higher saturated fatty acids than those from younger mot hers. Total saturated fatty acids in the milk increased with parity (n umber of times mother has given birth) increased, while total unsatura ted and monounsaturated fatty acids decreased as parity increased. Pol yunsaturated fatty acid concentration from the milk of mothers with mo re than eight children was higher (about two-fold) than those from mot hers with less than four children. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd