Ga. Ragoisha et al., NANOSTRUCTURES SELF-ASSEMBLING FROM NONEQUILIBRIUM SILVER NANOPHASE ON CONDUCTING NONMETALLIC SUBSTRATES, Microelectronic engineering, 27(1-4), 1995, pp. 51-54
Unstable nonequilibrium Ag nanophase (clusters and nanometre size part
icles) generated on nonmetallic supports (glassy carbon and conducting
SnO2 films) by Ag+ cathodic reduction at high overpotentials and low
Ag+ concentrations transforms spontaneously into globular or planar na
nostructures. The nanostructures differ from the equilibrium Ag phase
in binding energy of core electrons and provide generation of oscillat
ions in electrochemical reactions.