M. Knez et C. Camerer, CREATING EXPECTATIONAL ASSETS IN THE LABORATORY - COORDINATION IN WEAKEST-LINK GAMES, Strategic management journal, 15, 1994, pp. 101-119
We study coordination games with multiple equilibria, in which players
are penalized for picking numbers higher than the minimum anybody pic
ks, and everyone prefers a larger minimum. 'Weakest-link' games like t
his model organizational situations in which the worst component of a
product or process determines its overall quality. In experimental gro
ups, the best equilibrium was reached infrequently. Aggregating two gr
oups into a larger one always hurt. We argue that players' beliefs abo
ut what the minimum will be are an 'expectational asset' (or liability
) which is socially complex, linking organization-level behavior and t
he resource-based view of the firm.