S. Hatatani et al., HEAVILY CARBON-DOPED GAAS GROWN ON VARIOUS ORIENTED GAAS SUBSTRATES BY MOMBE, Journal of crystal growth, 170(1-4), 1997, pp. 297-300
Heavily carbon-doped GaAs epitaxial layers have been grown simultaneou
sly on (100), (111)A, (111)B, (411)A, (411)B and (711)A semi-insulatin
g (SI) GaAs substrates by metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy (MOMBE)
using trimethylgallium (TMG) and elemental As (As-4). The hole concent
ration and surface flatness strongly depend on the substrate orientati
on. The highest carbon incorporation was observed for the layers grown
on a (411)A substrate with a hole concentration of 1.0 x 10(21) cm(-3
) and a lattice mismatch of Delta d/d = -0.48%. Atomic force microscop
e (AFM) images reveal that the epilayers grown on (411)A substrates ex
hibit extremely flat surfaces, although these layers contain the highe
st carbon concentration.