CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE AND SURFACE-ACTIVITY .30. SYNTHESIS AND SURFACE-PROPERTIES OF CHEMODEGRADABLE ANIONIC SURFACTANTS - SODIUM (2-N-ALKYL-1,3-DIOXAN-5-YL)SULFATES

In the reaction of cis- and trans-2-n-alkyl-5- hydroxy-1,3-dioxane mix tures with SO3 . pyridine complex, followed by neutralization with sod ium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, a new group of anionic surfactants, i.e., sodium cis- and trans-(2-n-alkyl-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)sulfate were o btained. The hydrophobic intermediates used in the sulfation reaction were obtained in high yields from four-component glycerol acetals by t he process of transacetalization and selective crystallization of 1,3- dioxane derivatives. The physical data of the new compounds and some o f their surface properties, such as critical micelle concentration (CM C), effectiveness of water surface tension reduction Gamma I-CMC, stan dard free energies of adsorption and micellization, Delta G(ads)(0) an d Delta G(CMC)(0), surface excess concentration, Gamma(CMC), and the s urface area demand per molecule, A(CMC) were determined. It was shown that the surface activity of the standard anionic surfactant sodium do decyl sulfate should be similar to the surface activity of sodium (2-n -decyl-1,3-dioxan 5-yl)sulfate.