COPING WITH MODEL REALITY DIFFERENCES IN INDUSTRIAL-PROCESS OPTIMIZATION - A REVIEW OF INTEGRATED SYSTEM OPTIMIZATION AND PARAMETER-ESTIMATION (ISOPE)

The paper reviews the development of Integrated System Optimisation an d Parameter Estimation, ISOPE, as a technique for on-line steady-state optimisation of large scale industrial processes. An important proper ty of the technique is that it achieves the correct real process optim um operating point in spite of inevitable errors in the mathematical m odel employed in the computations. The paper also gives theoretical fo undations of a hierarchical steady-state optimising control procedure using ISOPE which has proven to be useful in practical application. Fi nally, the extension of ISOPE to the solution of dynamic optimal contr ol problems is discussed, giving rise to DISOPE (Dynamic Integrated Sy stem Optimisation and Parameter Estimation).