Gm. Spreitzer, PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT IN THE WORKPLACE - DIMENSIONS, MEASUREMENT,AND VALIDATION, Academy of Management journal, 38(5), 1995, pp. 1442-1465
This research begins to develop and validate a multidimensional measur
e of psychological empowerment in the workplace. Second-order confirma
tory factor analyses were conducted with two complementary samples to
demonstrate the convergent and discriminant validity of four dimension
s of empowerment and their contributions to an overall construct of ps
ychological empowerment. Structural equations modeling was used to exa
mine a nomological net-work of psychological empowerment in the workpl
ace. Tested hypotheses concerned key antecedents and consequences of t
he construct. Initial support for the construct validity of psychologi
cal empowerment was found. Directions for future research are discusse
d.