Although peer-based work is encouraged by theories in developmental ps
ychology and although classroom interventions suggest it is effective,
there are grounds for recognizing that young pupils find collaborativ
e learning hard to sustain. Interpretations of this observation are di
scussed; it is suggested that these interpretations have been preoccup
ied with possible discontinuities in collaborative skill during develo
pment. Consequently, theory and research have neglected situational co
ntinuities between formal and (more successful) informal collaboration
s. An argument is developed for attending more carefully to the enviro
nments of joint problem solving and how they may be fashioned to resou
rce the interactions of collaborators. The place of new educational te
chnology within this enterprise is considered.