R. Wilson et al., DEVELOPMENT OF A WAFER LEVEL TECHNIQUE FOR MONITORING AND CONTROL OF DEPOSITION TEMPERATURE IN HIGH-VACUUM PHYSICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION TECHNOLOGY, Journal of vacuum science & technology. B, Microelectronics and nanometer structures processing, measurement and phenomena, 15(1), 1997, pp. 122-126
Deposition temperatures in the range of 500 degrees C are required for
aluminum via fill planarization processes. The control of the deposit
ion temperature is a critical factor in achieving consistent via fill
planarization. A wafer level technique was developed and proven to be
consistent through the operating temperature range to highlight any de
viation in the deposition temperature. (C) 1997 American Vacuum Societ
y.