LEVEL OF NUTRITION AND AGE AT WEANING - EFFECTS ON HUMORAL IMMUNITY IN YOUNG CALVES

Thirty-two calves were studied to determine the effects of level of nu trition (400 and 1000 g (air-dry matter) milk substitute per d) and ag e at weaning (5, 9 and 13 weeks) on humoral immune responses measured in serum and bronchoalveolar washings (BAW). Ah calves were immunized with Keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) at 3 weeks of age, and with hors e erythrocytes (HRBC) 1 d after weaning. Feeding the higher level of n utrition compared with the lower level decreased anti-HRBC titres and serum IgG(2) and IgA responses to KLH (P < 0.05). Weaning at 5 compare d with 9 weeks of age decreased serum anti-HRBC responses (P < 0.05), but weaning age had no effect on anti-KLH responses (P> 0.05). Feeding the higher level of nutrition increased total protein (P < 0.05) and IgG(2) concentrations (P < 0.01) in BAW. The results showed that varia tion in husbandry conditions that is within conventional limits affect s humoral immune responses in young, artificially-reared calves.