Ba. Bracken et Rm. Crain, CHILDRENS AND ADOLESCENTS INTERPERSONAL-RELATIONS - DO AGE, RACE, ANDGENDER DEFINE NORMALCY, Journal of psychoeducational assessment, 12(1), 1994, pp. 14-32
This study investigated age, gender, and race trends in the developmen
t of children's and adolescents' interpersonal relations with their mo
thers, fathers, male peers, female peers, and teachers. A nation-wide
sample of 1,724 White, Black, and Hispanic children and adolescents ra
ted their relationships on the Assessment of Interpersonal Relations s
cale. Results showed significant variability in relationship type as a
function of age, race, and gender characteristics of the students- Th
e analyses depicted children's and adolescents' relationship developme
nt as a complex multidimensional phenomenon and suggest that understan
ding the sequence and nature of children's relationship development sh
ould be the foundation upon which clinical practice and further resear
ch are based.