Through case studies of 10 matched pairs of winner and loser hospitals
under the Medicare prospective payment system (PPS), specific charact
eristics and management actions were identified that are related to st
rong financial performance. Because other payers are increasingly adop
ting PPS-like cost control incentives and because managed care is fund
amental to the national health care reform debate, the successful stra
tegies identified in this article may be of increasing importance to h
ospital managers.