TOXICITY AND ROLE OF FUMONISINS IN ANIMAL DISEASES AND HUMAN ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

Fumonisins are secondary metabolites of Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium proliferatum and several other Fusaria that commonly contaminate com. Only recently discovered in 1988, these mycotoxins appear to be the c ausative agents of several toxicoses in animals that result from inges tion of moldy com or corn-based feeds. The syndromes observed vary con siderably among the different species affected and include brain lesio ns in equids, lung edema in swine, and nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and hepatocellular carcinoma in laboratory rats. There is also evidenc e that suggests that F. moniliforme and fumonisins may also be respons ible for esophageal cancer in humans in certain areas of the world whe re moldy com is frequently consumed. Studies are currently underway to determine the extent of the hazards posed by fumonisins, and whether controls in the form of regulatory action levels may be necessary.