Wm. Carroll, USING WORKED EXAMPLES AS AN INSTRUCTIONAL EXAMPLES AS AN INSTRUCTIONAL SUPPORT IN THE ALGEBRA CLASSROOM, Journal of educational psychology, 86(3), 1994, pp. 360-367
In the 2 experiments reported here, high school students studied worke
d examples while learning how to translate English expressions into al
gebraic equations. In Experiment 1, worked examples were used as part
of the regular classroom instruction and as a support for homework. In
Experiment 2, students in a remedial mathematics class received indiv
idual instruction. Students using worked examples outperformed the con
trol group on posttests after completing fewer practice problems; they
also made fewer errors per problem and fewer types of errors during a
cquisition time, completed the work more rapidly, and required less as
sistance from the teacher.