In this article we propose a theoretical framework of distributed repr
esentations and a methodology of representational analysis for the stu
dy of distributed cognitive tasks-tasks that require the processing of
information distributed across the internal mind and the external env
ironment. The basic principle of distributed representations is that t
he representational system of a distributed cognitive task is a set of
internal and external representations, which together represent the a
bstract structure of the task. The basic strategy of representational
analysis is to decompose the representation of a hierarchical task int
o its component levels so that the representational properties at each
level can be independently examined. The theoretical framework and th
e methodology are used to analyze the hierarchical structure of the To
wer of Hanoi problem. Based on this analysis, four experiments are des
igned to examine the representational properties of the Tower of Hanoi
. Finally, the nature of external representations is discussed.