It is argued in this paper that at least certain strands of operationa
l research (OR) carried out in less developed countries have intriguin
g similarities with community operational research. It follows that co
mmunity OR, which is still short of accounts of actual practice, might
learn from OR aimed at promoting the self-reliance of communities in
developing countries. The paper starts with community operational rese
arch-its origin, nature, clientele, and methods. This is followed by a
parallel discussion of the characteristics of operational research al
igned with third-world community development. A final section explores
the common themes between the two literatures and practices.