A. Stemmer et al., DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF MULTILEVEL DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL-ELEMENTS (DOES) AND HOLOGRAPHIC OPTICAL-ELEMENTS (HOES), Microelectronic engineering, 21(1-4), 1993, pp. 471-474
In this report we describe the design, calculation and fabrication of
binary and multilevel DOEs. In particular we pay attention to the dire
ct write ebeam process and the pattern transfer into Si-substrates by
reactive ion etching. First results can be given in terms of the diffr
action efficiency and image quality of binary DOEs applied in test cir
cuits for light coupling and free space light transfer with a multifun
ctional HOE.