A. Kirmani, ADVERTISING REPETITION AS A SIGNAL OF QUALITY - IF ITS ADVERTISED SO MUCH, SOMETHING MUST BE WRONG, Journal of advertising, 26(3), 1997, pp. 77-86
The author proposes that consumers infer brand quality from the level
of advertising repetition for unfamiliar brands. Consumers are posited
to associate high product quality with high levels of repetition beca
use they see repetition as costly and think higher costs reflect the m
anufacturer's commitment to the product. However, at very high levels
of repetition, consumers may perceive the expenditures as excessive an
d begin to doubt the manufacturer's confidence in product quality, whi
ch would lead to art inverted-U relationship between advertising repet
ition and product quality perceptions. The author demonstrates that th
e relationship between repetition and perceived brand quality is media
ted by perceptions of the manufacturer's effort and confidence in qual
ity rather than by irritation or boredom. The hypotheses were tested i
n an experiment in which the bevel of repetition and the color of the
ad were varied.