In this investigation a systematic approach to the design and optimiza
tion of the ideal universal joint has been developed. The relationship
s to design universal joints with the minimum diameter required to han
dle a given input torque for a given joint angle have been derived. Un
iversal joints which are designed using the approach presented here wi
ll be ensured not to have interference between the various parts of th
e mechanism when in operation. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd.