CHANGES OF ISOFLAVONES DURING PROCESSING OF SOY PROTEIN ISOLATES

Soy protein isolate (SPI) is a widely used food ingredient and is made by extracting soy flour (SF) under slightly alkaline pH, followed by precipitation, washing, and drying. Soy foods and foods containing soy protein ingredients have great. potential in the prevention of cardio vascular diseases and cancers, These health benefits have been attribu ted to isoflavones in soy protein ingredients, However, the current pr ocessing techniques were developed many years ago without this knowled ge. The objective of this study was to investigate the mass balance of different isoflavones during manufacturing of SPI and to provide basi c information to assist further development efforts leading to preserv ation of soy isoflavones in soy protein ingredients. The study reveale d that only about 26% of the total isoflavones in SF remained in SPI. The percentages of total isoflavones lost during extraction, precipita tion, and washing were 19, 14, and 22%, respectively. Washing was the step where most isoflavones were lost. The isoflavone profile of the S PI was different from that of SF. The former contained much more agluc ones (genistein and daidzein), while the latter had almost none. The h igh content of aglucones in SPI was probably due to the hydrolysis of glycosides.