Since the early 1980s. with significant improvement in plastic packagi
ng of microcircuits, accelerated environmental testing has indicated c
ontinuous reliability improvements. These data have beer, generated by
independent researchers, Universities, users and suppliers. The quest
ion which still remains concerns their use in high reliability applica
tions for extended periods in harsh environments. Such applications wo
uld be in the military, automotive, and commercial airline markets. Th
is report is the result of responses to a survey directed at military
equipment developers. Its goal was to determine advantages and disadva
ntages in the use of commercial plastic encapsulated microcircuits (PE
Ms) versus the use of MIL approved microcircuits as received by the eq
uipment manufacturer. Responses, however. impacted all three markets,
not only military. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rig
hts reserved.