This article highlights the centrality of women to social reproduction
through a focus on the social and cultural processes embedded in pare
ntal involvement. It argues that, in the context of a flexible labour
market, middle-class reproduction increasingly has to be worked for an
d describes some of the gendered class processes all the mothers were
at times actively engaged in. While all the mothers helped children wi
th schoolwork and talked to teachers, it wets only the middle-class mo
thers who had the power and resources to act effectively to shape the
curriculum offered to their children. I conclude by arguing that a mar
ket system of education provides the middle-classes with a competitive
edge, of which they will increasingly take advantage.