K. Suzuki et al., CONDUCTIVE ADHESIVE MATERIALS FOR LEAD SOLDER REPLACEMENT, IEEE transactions on components, packaging, and manufacturing technology. Part A, 21(2), 1998, pp. 252-258
Various adhesives were tested for MLCC and integrated circuit (IC) app
lications as lead solder replacements, mainly from the viewpoint of co
ntact resistance and adhesion strength. Current-voltage and frequency
characteristics were also measured. On the whole, the contact resistan
ce depended on the volume resistivity of each adhesive. Different term
ination and bump materials gave different contact resistance values. E
specially, Sn plated terminations tended to give higher contact resist
ance. The adhesion strengths were also influenced by the kinds of adhe
sives, electrode, termination and bump materials, Although the Ni fill
ed adhesive, which had good adhesion strength and didn't cause electro
-migration, had higher volume resistivity, it gave good I-V characteri
stics at low current.