The law of mass action refers to the product of concentration of react
ants, which for a particular material is a function only of temperatur
e. For non-degenerate semiconductors the law of mass action is represe
nted by the product NP = N(C)N(V)exp-E-G/k(B)T. Through solutions to t
he quantum Liouville equation, it is determined that the law of mass a
ction is generally invalid.