This paper Examines the role and significance of co-operation (cluster
ing) between small primary schools in rural areas across England and W
ales. By increasing the range of resources available and enlarging sta
ff and pupil peer groups, clustering can counter many of the challenge
s that confront curriculum delivery in small schools. However, effecti
ve inter-school liaison can be impeded by fears surrounding the loss o
f individual school autonomy and logistical barriers caused by the nat
ure of rural localities. Just as significantly, reductions in local au
thority support for cluster schemes combined with increased incentives
to compete for pupils may be curtailing useful co-operation. Findings
from a sample of small-school headteachers suggest, however, that des
pite recognition of these detrimental pressures, clustering is likely
to remain central to a wider set of local coping strategies which are
making a significant contribution to the viability of rural education
provision.