K. Kushidaabdelghafar et al., PT TIN ELECTRODES FOR STACKED MEMORY WITH POLYSILICON PLUG UTILIZING PZT FILMS/, Integrated ferroelectrics, 13(1-3), 1996, pp. 405-411
The mechanism of TiN barrier metal oxidation of Pt/TiN electrodes are
investigated for planarized stacked memory utilizing lead zirconate ti
tanate (PZT). Thinner (<100 nm) and highly oriented platinum films are
required in gigabit scale ferroelectric nonvolatile memories whose ca
pacitor size is comparable to PZT grain size. Oxygen diffusivity to ox
idize TiN is Found to depend on the PI Nm thickness. In cross-sectiona
l TEM images of PZT/Pt/TiN/Si, titanium oxide is observed beneath the
Pt grain boundary. The oxygen is diffused through the Pt grain boundar
y under heat treatment in an oxygen atmosphere for crystallization of
PZT films, and oxidizes the underlying TiN barrier metal.